200字
Dockerfile实战案例
2026-03-11
2026-03-11
docker

Dockerfile实战案例

实战案例: Dockerfile 制作基于基础镜像的Base镜像

准备目录结构，下载镜像并初始化系统

#按照业务类型或系统类型等方式划分创建目录环境，方便后期镜像比较多的时候进行分类
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir
/data/dockerfile/{web/{nginx,apache,tomcat,jdk},system/{centos,ubuntu,alpine,deb
ian}} -p
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#tree /data/dockerfile/
/data/dockerfile/
├── system
│ 	├── alpine
│ 	├── centos
│ 	├── debian
│ 	└── ubuntu
└── web
    ├── apache
    ├── jdk
    ├── nginx
    └── tomcat
10 directories, 0 files
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

#下载基础镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker pull centos:centos7.7.1908
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

先制作基于基础镜像的系统Base镜像

#先制作基于基础镜像的系统base镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/system/centos/
#创建Dockerfile，注意可以是dockerfile，但无语法着色功能

[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#cat Dockerfile
FROM centos:centos7.7.1908

LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"

RUN yum -y install wget && rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/* && wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo \
    && wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo \
    && sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-7.repo \
    && yum -y install vim-enhanced tcpdump lrzsz tree telnet bash-completion net-tools wget curl bzip2 lsof zip unzip nfs-utils gcc make gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel systemd-devel zlib-devel \
    && yum clean all \
    && rm -f /etc/localtime \
    && ln -s ../usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
    
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
docker build -t centos7-base:v1 .
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#chmod +x build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#./build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
centos7-base v1 1ba1317e06dc 23 seconds ago
402MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#docker image history centos7-base:v1
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY
SIZE COMMENT
1ba1317e06dc 43 seconds ago /bin/sh -c yum -y install wget && rm -f
/etc… 198MB
6b87f2843eb9 About an hour ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL maintainer=ayaka… 0B
08d05d1d5859 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"]
0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL org.label-schema.sc… 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD
file:3e2a127b44ed01afc… 204MB

实战案例: Dockerfile 制作基于Base镜像的 nginx 镜像

在Dockerfile目录下准备编译安装的相关文件

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#mkdir app/
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#echo "Test Page in app" > app/index.html
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#tar zcf app.tar.gz app
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#ls
app app.tar.gz nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

在一台测试机进行编译安装同一版本的nginx 生成模版配置文件

[root@centos7 ~]#yum -y install vim-enhanced tcpdump lrzsz tree telnet bash-completion net-tools wget bzip2 lsof tmux man-pages zip unzip nfs-utils gcc make gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel systemd-devel zlib-devel
[root@centos7 ~]#wget -P /usr/local/src http://nginx.org/download/nginx1.16.1.tar.gz
[root@centos7 ~]#cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos7 src]#tar xvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
[root@centos7 src]#cd nginx-1.16.1/
[root@centos7 nginx-1.16.1]#./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx && make && make install

#将配置文件复制到nginx镜像的服务器相应目录下
[root@centos7 ~]#scp /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 10.0.0.100:/data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16

#准备配置文件
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#vim /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16/nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
user nginx;
daemon off; #增加此行,前台运行nginx

编写Dockerfile文件

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/nginx
[root@ubuntu1804 nginx]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu1804 nginx]#cat Dockerfile
FROM centos7-base:v1

LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"

ADD nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz /usr/local/src

RUN cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.16.1 && \
    && ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx \
    && make && make install \
    && rm -f /usr/local/src/nginx* \
    && useradd -r nginx

COPY nginx.conf /apps/nginx/conf/

ADD app.tar.gz /apps/nginx/html/

EXPOSE 80 443
CMD ["/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx"]

[root@ubuntu1804 nginx]#

生成nginx镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#ls
app app.tar.gz build.sh Dockerfile nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz nginx.conf
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
docker build -t nginx-centos7:1.6.1 .

[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#chmod +x build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]#./build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16]##docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
nginx-centos7 1.6.1 73e4b4b95bca 10 minutes ago
412MB
centos7-base v1 1ba1317e06dc About an hour ago
402MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

生成的容器测试镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d -p 80:80 nginx-centos7:1.6.1
e8e733c6dc96bfb212a15dec04cfcfcac72daf400f5d2423c707aeb778a1859d
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED
STATUS PORTS NAMES
e8e733c6dc96 centos7-nginx:1.6.1 "/apps/nginx/sbin/ng…" 4 seconds ago
Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp cool_germain
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker exec -it e8e733c6dc96 bash
[root@e8e733c6dc96 /]# ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.2 0.2 20572 2468 ? Ss 03:36 0:00 nginx: master process /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 12 0.0 0.2 21024 2344 ? S 03:36 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 13 4.0 0.3 12364 3536 pts/0 Ss 03:37 0:00 bash
root 32 0.0 0.3 51764 3460 pts/0 R+ 03:37 0:00 ps aux
[root@e8e733c6dc96 /]# exit
exit
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#curl 127.0.0.1/app/
Test Page in app

实战案例: Dockerfile 直接制作 nginx 镜像

在Dockerfile目录下准备编译安装的相关文件

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16.1
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16.1
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#vim nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
#daemon off;
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

编写Dockerfile文件

[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#pwd
/data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16.1
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#cat Dockerfile
#Nginx Dockerfile

FROM centos:centos7.7.1908
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"
RUN yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl   openssl-devel \
	&& useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin nginx \
	&& yum clean all
	
ADD nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz /usr/local/src/	

RUN cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.16.1 \
	&& ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx \
	&& make \
	&& make install \
	&& rm -rf /usr/local/src/nginx*
	
ADD nginx.conf /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

COPY index.html /apps/nginx/html/

RUN ln -s /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx

EXPOSE 80 443

CMD ["nginx","-g","daemon off;"]

生成nginx镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16.1
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
docker build -t nginx-centos7:1.6.1-v2 .

[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#chmod +x build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#ls
build.sh Dockerfile index.html nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz nginx.conf
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#./build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
nginx-centos7 1.6.1-v2 1918d29d5f45 17 minutes ago
328MB
nginx-centos7 1.6.1 8c16774437a5 13 hours ago
412MB
centos7-base v1 1ba1317e06dc 15 hours ago
402MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

生成容器测试镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d -p 80:80 nginx-centos7:1.6.1-v2
21c954ad4fb902076832cc9a52dd1502aca43d9bcd2b46a2f164382e4ac7b3f6
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED
STATUS PORTS NAMES
21c954ad4fb9 centos7-nginx:1.6.1-v2 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 6 seconds
ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp inspiring_goldwasser
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#curl 127.0.0.1
Test Page v2 in Docker
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker exec -it 21c954ad4fb9 bash
[root@21c954ad4fb9 /]# ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.5 0.2 20572 2372 ? Ss 03:30 0:00 nginx: master
process nginx -g daemon off;
nginx 6 0.0 0.2 21024 2316 ? S 03:30 0:00 nginx: worker
process
root 7 11.5 0.2 11840 2880 pts/0 Ss 03:31 0:00 bash
root 20 0.0 0.3 51764 3376 pts/0 R+ 03:31 0:00 ps aux
[root@21c954ad4fb9 /]# exit
exit
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

实战案例: 多阶段构建

利用多阶段构建,可以大大减小镜像的大小,但要注意相关依赖文件都要复制到新构建中才能正常运行容器

多阶段构建比较适用于静态编译的程序，比如：Golang

另外在Dockerfile文件中删除文件，也不会让镜像变小，也可以利用多阶段构建缩小镜像

范例: 多阶段构建

[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#cat hello.go
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
fmt.Println("hello, world")
}

[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t go-hello:$1 .

#第一次构建
[root@ubuntu2004 go]#cat Dockerfile
FROM golang:1.18-alpine
COPY hello.go /opt
WORKDIR /opt
RUN go build hello.go
CMD "./hello"

[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#bash build.sh v1.0
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#docker run --name hello go-hello:v1.0
hello, world

#第二次优化
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#cp Dockerfile Dockerfile-v1.0
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#cat Dockerfile
FROM golang:1.18-alpine as builder
COPY hello.go /opt
WORKDIR /opt
RUN go build hello.go

FROM alpine:3.15.0
#FROM scratch
COPY --from=builder /opt/hello /opt/hello #把编译好的文件 /opt/hello 拷贝到当前镜像的 /opt/hello 路径下
#COPY --from=0 /opt/hello /hello
CMD ["/hello"]

[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#bash build.sh v2.0
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#docker run --name hello2 go-hello:v2.0
hello, world

[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#docker images go-hello
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
go-hello v2.0 9d6b2abc190a 28 seconds ago 7.35MB
go-hello v1.0 54c7203e3a60 5 minutes ago 330MB

#第三次优化
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#cat Dockerfile
FROM golang:1.18-alpine as builder
COPY hello.go /opt
WORKDIR /opt
RUN go build hello.go

#FROM alpine:3.15.0
FROM scratch
COPY --from=builder /opt/hello /opt/hello
#COPY --from=0 /opt/hello /hello
CMD ["/hello"]

[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#bash build.sh v3.0
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#docker run --name hello2 go-hello:v3.0
hello, world

#比较三次构建的结果
[root@ubuntu2004 go-hello]#docker images go-hello
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
go-hello v3.0 6b12922337d4 4 minutes ago 1.76MB
go-hello v2.0 9d6b2abc190a 28 seconds ago 7.35MB
go-hello v1.0 54c7203e3a60 5 minutes ago 330MB

范例：利用多阶段构建实现基于Alpine的Nginx的编译安装

[root@ubuntu2204 nginx-alpine-build]#cat Dockerfile
ARG VERSION=3.18.0
FROM alpine:$VERSION
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"

ENV NGINX_VERSION=1.24.0
ENV NGINX_DIR=/apps/nginx

RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/' /etc/apk/repositories && apk update && apk --no-cache add gcc make libgcc libc-dev libcurl libc-utils pcre-dev zlib-dev libnfs pcre pcre2 net-tools curl pstree wget libevent libevent-dev iproute2 openssl-dev

ADD nginx-$NGINX_VERSION.tar.gz /usr/local/src

RUN cd /usr/local/src/nginx-$NGINX_VERSION && ./configure --prefix=${NGINX_DIR} --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module && make && make install
COPY nginx.conf ${NGINX_DIR}/conf/nginx.conf

FROM alpine:$VERSION
ENV NGINX_DIR=/apps/nginx
COPY --from=0 ${NGINX_DIR}/ ${NGINX_DIR}/
RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/'
/etc/apk/repositories \
	&& apk update && apk --no-cache add tzdata pcre pcre2 \
	&& ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime \
    && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone \
    && ln -sf ${NGINX_DIR}/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx \
    && addgroup -g 2019 -S nginx \
    && adduser -u 2019 -G nginx -D -S -s /sbin/nologin nginx \
    && chown -R nginx.nginx ${NGINX_DIR}/ \
    && ln -sf /dev/stdout ${NGINX_DIR}/logs/access.log \
    && ln -sf /dev/stderr ${NGINX_DIR}/logs/error.log
    
EXPOSE 80 443
CMD ["nginx","-g","daemon off;"]

[root@ubuntu2204 nginx-alpine-build]#ls
build.sh Dockerfile nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz nginx.conf

[root@ubuntu2204 nginx-alpine-build]#docker images ayaka/nginx:1.24.0-
alpine-3.18.0
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
ayaka/nginx 1.24.0-alpine-3.18.0 b87e987ea522 About an hour ago
22.7MB

生产案例: 制作自定义tomcat业务镜像

基于官方提供的centos、debian、ubuntu、alpine等基础 镜像构建 JDK (Java环 境)，然后再基于自定义的 JDK 镜像构建出业务需要的tomcat 镜像

自定义 CentOS 系统基础镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker pull centos:centos7.7.1908
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir -p
/data/dockerfile/{web/{nginx,tomcat,jdk},system/{centos,ubuntu,alpine,debian}}
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/system/centos/
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#cat Dockerfile
# Centos Base Image
FROM centos:centos7.7.1908
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"
RUN yum -y install wget && rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/* && wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo \
	&& wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo \
	&& yum -y install vim-enhanced tcpdump lrzsz tree telnet bash-completion net-tools wget bzip2 lsof zip unzip nfs-utils gcc make gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel systemd-devel zlib-devel \
	&& yum clean all \
	&& rm -f /etc/localtime \
	&& ln -s ../usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
#添加系统账户
RUN groupadd www -g 2019 && useradd www -u 2019 -g www

[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#vim build.sh

#通过脚本构建镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t centos7-base:v1 .

[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#bash build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 centos]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
centos7-base v1 34ab3afcd3b3 4 seconds ago
403MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

构建JDK 镜像

上传JDK压缩包和profile文件上传到Dockerfile当前目录

#将CentOS7主机上的/etc/profile文件传到 Dockerfile 所在目录下
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#scp centos7:/etc/profile 10.0.0.100:/data/dockerfile/web/jdk

#修改profile文件，加下面四行相关变量
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#vim /data/dockerfile/web/jdk/profile
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#tail -n 5 /data/dockerfile/web/jdk/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export TOMCAT_HOME=/apps/tomcat
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$TOMCAT_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

#下载jdk文件传到Dockfile目录下
#https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#tree /data/dockerfile/web/jdk
/data/dockerfile/web/jdk
├── jdk-8u212-linux-x64.tar.gz
└── profile

0 directories, 2 files

准备Dockerfile文件

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#vim /data/dockerfile/web/jdk/Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cat /data/dockerfile/web/jdk/Dockerfile
#JDK Base Image
FROM centos7-base:v1
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"
ADD jdk-8u212-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
RUN ln -s /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_212 /usr/local/jdk
ADD profile /etc/profile
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk
ENV JRE_HOME $JAVA_HOME/jre
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/:$JRE_HOME/lib/
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

执行构建脚本制作镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#vim /data/dockerfile/web/jdk/build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cat /data/dockerfile/web/jdk/build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t centos7-jdk:8u212 .

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#tree /data/dockerfile/web/jdk/
/data/dockerfile/web/jdk/
├── build.sh
├── Dockerfile
├── jdk-8u212-linux-x64.tar.gz
└── profile
0 directories, 4 files
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/jdk/
[root@ubuntu1804 jdk]#bash build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 jdk]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
centos7-jdk 8u212 fdbeb8a49ea6 59 seconds ago
809MB
centos7-base v1 34ab3afcd3b3 44 minutes ago
403MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

从镜像启动容器测试

[root@ubuntu1804 jdk]#docker run -it --rm centos7-jdk:8u212 bash
[root@25c9c0266bd2 /]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_212"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_212-b10)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.212-b10, mixed mode)

从JDK镜像构建tomcat 8 Base镜像

基于自定义的 JDK 基础镜像，构建出通用的自定义 Tomcat 基础镜像，此镜像后期会被多个业务的多个服务共同引用(相同的JDK 版本和Tomcat 版本)

上传tomcat 压缩包

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir -p /data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-base-8.5.50
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-base-8.5.50
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-
8/v8.5.50/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.50.tar.gz

编辑Dockerfile

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cat /data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-base-
8.5.50/Dockerfile
#Tomcat Base Image
FROM centos7-jdk:8u212
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"
#env
ENV TZ "Asia/Shanghai"
ENV LANG en_US.UTF-8
ENV TERM xterm
ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR_VERSION 8
ENV TOMCAT_MINOR_VERSION 8.5.50
ENV CATALINA_HOME /apps/tomcat
ENV APP_DIR ${CATALINA_HOME}/webapps

RUN mkdir /apps
ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.50.tar.gz /apps
RUN ln -s /apps/apache-tomcat-8.5.50 /apps/tomcat

通过脚本构建tomcat 基础镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t tomcat-base:v8.5.50 .
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#tree
.
├── apache-tomcat-8.5.50.tar.gz
├── build.sh
└── Dockerfile
0 directories, 3 files

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
tomcat-base v8.5.50 8d5395cb72c4 3 seconds ago
824MB
centos7-jdk 8u212 e0fe770a7ccd 22 minutes ago
809MB
centos7-base v1 34ab3afcd3b3 2 hours ago
403MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

验证镜像构建完成

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#docker run -it --rm -p 8080:8080 tomcat-base:v8.5.50 bash
[root@d0a387e0ccc9 /]# /apps/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /apps/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /apps/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /apps/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre
Using CLASSPATH: /apps/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/apps/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
[root@d0a387e0ccc9 /]# netstat -ntl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8009 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
[root@d0a387e0ccc9 /]#

构建业务镜像1

创建tomcat-app1和tomcat-app2两个目录，代表不同的两个基于tomcat的业务。

准备tomcat的配置文件

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir -p /data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-app{1,2}
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#tree /data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/
/data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/
├── tomcat-app1
├── tomcat-app2
└── tomcat-base-8.5.50
        ├── apache-tomcat-8.5.50.tar.gz
        ├── build.sh
        └── Dockerfile
3 directories, 3 files

#上传和修改server.xml
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-base-8.5.50
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.50.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#cp apache-tomcat-8.5.50/conf/server.xml /data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-app1/
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-base-8.5.50]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-app1/
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#vim server.xml
......
		<Host name="localhost" appBase="/data/tomcat/webapps"
				unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
......

准备自定义页面

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#mkdir app
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#echo "Tomcat Page in app1" > app/index.jsp
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#tar zcf app.tar.gz app

准备容器启动执行脚本

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#vim run_tomcat.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#cat run_tomcat.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "nameserver 180.76.76.76" > /etc/resolv.conf
su - www -c "/apps/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start"
su - www -c "tail -f /etc/hosts"
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#chmod a+x run_tomcat.sh

准备Dockerfile

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#cat Dockerfile
#Tomcat Web Image
FROM tomcat-base:v8.5.50
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"
ADD server.xml /apps/tomcat/conf/server.xml
ADD run_tomcat.sh /apps/tomcat/bin/run_tomcat.sh
ADD app.tar.gz /data/tomcat/webapps/
RUN chown -R www.www /apps/ /data/tomcat/
EXPOSE 8080 8009
CMD ["/apps/tomcat/bin/run_tomcat.sh"]

执行构建脚本制作镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t tomcat-web:app1 .

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#pwd
/data/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-app1

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#tree
.
├── app
│ └── index.jsp
├── app.tar.gz
├── build.sh
├── Dockerfile
├── run_tomcat.sh
└── server.xml

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#bash build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
tomcat-web app1 3e9eacc5ef86 4 seconds ago
824MB
tomcat-base v8.5.50 8d5395cb72c4 35 minutes ago
824MB
centos7-jdk 8u212 e0fe770a7ccd 57 minutes ago
809MB
centos7-base v1 34ab3afcd3b3 2 hours ago
403MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

从镜像启动测试容器

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#docker run -d -p 8080:8080 tomcat-web:app1
82e6690e36c3a6faf2dae62bd706a89cbba490d567c841c37501f0fba670ea25

访问测试

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#curl 127.0.0.1:8080/app/
Tomcat Page in app1
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker exec -it 82e6690e36c3 bash
[root@82e6690e36c3 /]# ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.2 15136 2248 ? Ss 22:14 0:00 /bin/bash
/apps/tomcat/bin/run_tomcat.sh
www 25 0.8 9.7 2241656 95924 ? Sl 22:14 0:04
/usr/local/jdk/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/apps/tomcat
root 26 0.0 0.4 85428 4472 ? S 22:14 0:00 su - www -c
tail -f /etc/hosts
www 27 0.0 0.0 4416 720 ? Ss 22:14 0:00 tail -f
/etc/hosts
root 82 25.0 0.3 15800 3820 pts/0 Ss 22:22 0:00 bash
root 101 0.0 0.3 55196 3836 pts/0 R+ 22:22 0:00 ps aux
[root@82e6690e36c3 /]# vim /data/tomcat/webapps/app/index.jsp
[root@82e6690e36c3 /]# cat /data/tomcat/webapps/app/index.jsp
Tomcat Page in app1 v2
[root@82e6690e36c3 /]# /apps/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE: /apps/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /apps/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /apps/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre
Using CLASSPATH: /apps/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/apps/tomcat/bin/tomcat-
juli.jar
[root@82e6690e36c3 /]# /apps/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /apps/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /apps/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /apps/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre
Using CLASSPATH: /apps/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/apps/tomcat/bin/tomcat-
juli.jar
Tomcat started.

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app1]#curl 127.0.0.1:8080/app/
Tomcat Page in app1 v2

构建业务镜像2

准备自定义页面和其它数据

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat]#pwd
/data/dockerfile/web/tomcat
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat]#cp -a tomcat-app1/* tomcat-app2/
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat]#tree tomcat-app2/
tomcat-app2/
├── app
│ └── index.jsp
├── app.tar.gz
├── build.sh
├── Dockerfile
├── run_tomcat.sh
└── server.xml

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat]#cd tomcat-app2
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#echo "Tomcat Page in app2" > app/index.html
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#rm -f app.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#tar zcf app.tar.gz app

准备容器启动脚本run_tomcat.sh

和业务1一样不变

准备Dockerfile

和业务1一样不变

执行构建脚本制作镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t tomcat-web:app2 .
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#bash build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
tomcat-web app2 0e1760fe79a6 37 seconds ago
838MB
tomcat-web app1 76016219a0ca 27 minutes ago
838MB
tomcat-base v8.5.50 8d5395cb72c4 2 hours ago
824MB
centos7-jdk 8u212 e0fe770a7ccd 2 hours ago
809MB
centos7-base v1 34ab3afcd3b3 3 hours ago
403MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

从镜像启动容器测试

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#docker run -d -p 8082:8080 tomcat-web:app2
3fc9437e42099e92f88e8e09bac0507f2d837ac8a6dba8cb1e4efc934bcf81ff

访问测试

[root@ubuntu1804 tomcat-app2]#curl 127.0.0.1:8082/app/
Tomcat Page in app2

生产案例: 构建 haproxy镜像

准备相关文件

#准备haproxy源码文件
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir -p /data/dockerfile/web/haproxy/2.1.2-centos7
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/haproxy/2.1.2-centos7
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#wget http://www.haproxy.org/download/2.1/src/haproxy-2.1.2.tar.gz

#准备haproxy启动脚本
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#vim run_haproxy.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#cat run_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
tail -f /etc/hosts

准备haproxy配置文件

#准备haproxy配置文件
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#cat haproxy.cfg
global
chroot /apps/haproxy
#stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/haproxy.sock mode 600 level admin
uid 99
gid 99
daemon
nbproc 1
pidfile /apps/haproxy/run/haproxy.pid
log 127.0.0.1 local3 info
defaults
option http-keep-alive
option forwardfor
mode http
timeout connect 300000ms
timeout client 300000ms
timeout server 300000ms
listen stats
    mode http
    bind 0.0.0.0:9999
    stats enable
    log global
    stats uri /haproxy-status
    stats auth haadmin:123456

listen web_port
    bind 0.0.0.0:80
    mode http
    log global
    balance roundrobin
    server web1 10.0.0.101:8080 check inter 3000 fall 2 rise 5
    server web2 10.0.0.102:8080 check inter 3000 fall 2 rise 5

准备Dockerfile

[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#pwd
/data/dockerfile/web/haproxy/2.1.2-centos7

[root@ubuntu1804 haproxy]# cat Dockerfile
#Haproxy Base Image
FROM centos7-base:v1
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"

ADD haproxy-2.1.2.tar.gz /usr/local/src/

RUN cd /usr/local/src/haproxy-2.1.2 \
	&& make ARCH=x86_64 TARGET=linux-glibc USE_PCRE=1 USE_OPENSSL=1 USE_ZLIB=1 USE_SYSTEMD=1 USE_CPU_AFFINITY=1 PREFIX=/apps/haproxy \
	&& make install PREFIX=/apps/haproxy \
	&& ln -s /apps/haproxy/sbin/haproxy /usr/sbin/ \
	&& mkdir /apps/haproxy/run \
	&& rm -rf /usr/local/src/haproxy*
	
ADD haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/
ADD run_haproxy.sh /usr/bin

EXPOSE 80 9999
CMD ["run_haproxy.sh"]

准备构建脚本构建haproxy镜像

[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t haproxy-centos7:2.1.2 .

[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#ls
build.sh Dockerfile haproxy-2.1.2.tar.gz haproxy.cfg run_haproxy.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#bash build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
haproxy-centos7 2.1.2 5eccdb29a058 26 minutes ago
428MB
nginx-ubuntu1804 1.16.1 19efdd23ac87 15 hours ago
378MB
alpine-nginx 1.16.1 978a43bbb61d 16 hours ago
211MB
nginx-alpine 1.16.1 978a43bbb61d 16 hours ago
211MB
alpine-base 3.11 b162eecf4da9 17 hours ago
182MB
tomcat-web app2 0e1760fe79a6 37 hours ago
838MB
tomcat-web app1 76016219a0ca 37 hours ago
838MB
tomcat-base v8.5.50 8d5395cb72c4 38 hours ago
824MB
centos7-jdk 8u212 e0fe770a7ccd 39 hours ago
809MB
centos7-base v1 34ab3afcd3b3 40 hours ago
403MB
alpine 3.11 e7d92cdc71fe 12 days ago
5.59MB
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 12 days ago
5.59MB
ubuntu 18.04 ccc6e87d482b 2 weeks ago
64.2MB
ubuntu bionic ccc6e87d482b 2 weeks ago
64.2MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago
204MB

从镜像启动容器

[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#docker run -d -p 80:80 -p 9999:9999 haproxy-centos7:2.1.2
e0a7c827cb5fdd5a630f7dfe58b1f60822da18929a4dfeccb7490fb78403e3df

在另外两台主机启动容器

#导出本地相关镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker save centos7-base:v1 > /data/centos7-base.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker save centos7-jdk:8u212 > /data/centos7-jdk.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker save tomcat-base:v8.5.50 > /data/tomcat-base.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker save tomcat-web:app1 > /data/tomcat-web-app1.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker save tomcat-web:app2 > /data/tomcat-web-app2.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#ls /data
centos7-base.tar.gz centos7-jdk.tar.gz dockerfile tomcat-base.tar.gz tomcat-
web-app1.tar.gz tomcat-web-app2.tar.gz

#将镜像复制到另外两台主机
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#scp /data/*.gz 10.0.0.101:/data/
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#scp /data/*.gz 10.0.0.102:/data/

#在另外两台主机上执行下面操作导入镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#ls /data
centos7-base.tar.gz lost+found tomcat-web-app1.tar.gz
centos7-jdk.tar.gz tomcat-base.tar.gz tomcat-web-app2.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#for i in /data/*.gz;do docker load -i $i;done

#在另外两台主机上创建相关容器
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d -p 8080:8080 tomcat-web:app1
781681e73333396b23f404e70d0c781ab464a8e9b578f41c153583d23bd76a46
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -d -p 8080:8080 tomcat-web:app2
81fa01a688cb72cf397a5da46acc89a51f2a2f8de3a0072565d701625c43540a

web访问验证

[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#curl http://10.0.0.100/app/
Tomcat Page in app1
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#curl http://10.0.0.100/app/
Tomcat Page in app2
[root@ubuntu1804 2.1.2-centos7]#docker exec -it e0a7c827cb5 bash
[root@e0a7c827cb5f /]# netstat -ntl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9999 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
[root@e0a7c827cb5f /]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
[root@e0a7c827cb5f /]# ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.2 11700 2428 ? Ss 11:01 0:00 /bin/bash
/usr/bin/run_haproxy.sh
nobody 7 0.0 7.1 181076 70324 ? Ss 11:01 0:00 haproxy -f
/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
root 8 0.0 0.0 4416 772 ? S 11:01 0:00 tail -f
/etc/hosts
root 9 0.1 0.3 12488 3696 pts/0 Ss 11:02 0:00 bash
root 54 0.0 0.3 51764 3448 pts/0 R+ 11:06 0:00 ps aux

10.0.0.100:9999/haproxy-status可以进入状态页

#在第二台主机上停止容器
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker stop 81fa01a688cb
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED
STATUS PORTS NAMES
81fa01a688cb tomcat-web:app2 "/apps/tomcat/bin/ru…" 28 minutes ago
Exited (137) 39 seconds ago
#观察状态页，发现后端服务器down

#在第二台主机上恢复启动容器
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker start 81fa01a688cb
81fa01a688cb
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED
STATUS PORTS NAMES
81fa01a688cb tomcat-web:app2 "/apps/tomcat/bin/ru…" 30 minutes ago
Up 14 seconds 8009/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp optimistic_shirley
#再次观察状态页，发现后端服务器上线

生产案例: 基于 Alpine 基础镜像制作 Nginx 源码编译镜像

制作 Alpine 的自定义系统镜像

#下载alpine镜像,打新标签
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker pull alpine
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker tag alpine alpine:3.11
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
alpine 3.11 e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago
5.59MB
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago
5.59MB

#准备相关文件
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/system/alpine
[root@ubuntu1804 alpine]#cat repositories
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.11/main
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.11/community

#准备Dockerfile文件
[root@ubuntu1804 alpine]#cat Dockerfile
FROM alpine:3.11
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"
#COPY repositories /etc/apk/repositories
RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/' /etc/apk/repositories
&& apk update && apk --no-cache add tzdata gcc make curl zip unzip net-tools pstree wget libgcc libc-dev libcurl libc-utils pcre-dev zlib-dev libnfs pcre pcre2 libevent libevent-dev iproute2 && ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone


#准备构建脚本
[root@ubuntu1804 alpine]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t alpine-base:3.11 .

[root@ubuntu1804 alpine]#bash build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 alpine]#docker images alp*
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
alpine-base 3.11 b162eecf4da9 5 minutes ago
182MB
alpine 3.11 e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago
5.59MB
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago
5.59MB

制作基于 Alpine 自定义镜像的 Nginx 镜像

#准备相关文件
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16.1-alpine/
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16.1-alpine/
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#echo Test Page based nginx-alpine > index.html
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#cp ../1.16.1-centos7/nginx.conf .
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#cat nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
daemon off; #必须为前台运行
...
location / {
		root /data/nginx/html;
...

#编写Dockerfile文件
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#cat Dockerfile
FROM alpine-base:3.11
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"
ADD nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz /usr/local/src
RUN cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.16.1 && ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx && make && make install && ln -s /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/ && addgroup -g 2019 -S nginx && adduser -s /sbin/nologin -S -D -u 2019 -G nginx nginx 
COPY nginx.conf /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ADD index.html /data/nginx/html/index.html
RUN chown -R nginx.nginx /data/nginx/ /apps/nginx/
EXPOSE 80 443
CMD ["nginx"]

#构建镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
#********************************************************************
docker build -t nginx-alpine:1.16.1 .

[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#ls
build.sh Dockerfile index.html nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz nginx.conf

[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#docker images “*alpine*”
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
nginx-alpine 1.16.1 344ff9acf58b 13 seconds ago
211MB
alpine-base 3.11 b162eecf4da9 About an hour ago
182MB
alpine 3.11 e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago
5.59MB
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago
5.59MB

#生成容器测试镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#docker run -d -p 80:80 nginx-alpine:1.16.1
1cb16e9fe6cd8e583a61c2718a92ce3031313bbf3656c2f85ac84d34ccfe7e0d
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#curl 127.0.0.1
Test Page based nginx-alpine
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#docker exec -it 1cb16e9fe6cd sh
/ # ps aux
PID USER TIME COMMAND
1 root 0:00 nginx: master process nginx
6 nginx 0:00 nginx: worker process
7 root 0:00 sh
12 root 0:00 ps aux
/ # ls /data/nginx/html/ -l
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 nginx nginx 29 Jan 29 11:08 index.html
/ # exit
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-alpine]#

生产案例: 基于 Ubuntu 基础镜像制作 Nginx 镜像

#下载ubuntu1804镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker pull ubuntu:18.04
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images ubuntu*
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
ubuntu 18.04 ccc6e87d482b 13 days ago
64.2MB
#准备相关文件
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#mkdir /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16.1-ubuntu1804
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cd /data/dockerfile/web/nginx/1.16.1-ubuntu1804
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#vim sources.list
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#cat sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe
multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe
multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted
universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe
multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe
multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe
multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted
universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe
multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted
universe multiverse


[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#cp ../1.16.1-alpine/nginx.conf .
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#echo Test Page based nginx-ubuntu1804 >
index.html

#编写Dockerfile文件
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#vim Dockerfile
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#cat Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:18.04
LABEL maintainer="ayaka <root@ayaka.com>"
COPY sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN apt update && apt install -y nfs-kernel-server nfs-common gcc openssh-server lrzsz tree openssl libssl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev unzip zip make
ADD nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz /usr/local/src
RUN cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.16.1 && ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx && make && make install && ln -s /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin && rm -rf /usr/local/src/nginx-1.16.1*

ADD nginx.conf /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ADD index.html /data/nginx/html/index.html
RUN groupadd -g 2019 nginx && useradd -g nginx -s /usr/sbin/nologin -u 2019 nginx && chown -R nginx.nginx /apps/nginx /data/nginx
EXPOSE 80 443
CMD ["nginx"]

#构建镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#vim build.sh
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#cat build.sh
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t nginx-ubuntu1804:1.16.1 .

[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#ls
build.sh Dockerfile index.html nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz nginx.conf sources.list

[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#docker images "nginx*"
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
SIZE
nginx-ubuntu1804 1.16.1 19efdd23ac87 4 minutes ago
378MB
nginx-alpine 1.16.1 978a43bbb61d 40 minutes ago
211MB
nginx-centos7 1.6.1-v2 1918d29d5f45 17 minutes ago
328MB
nginx-centos7 1.6.1 8c16774437a5 13 hours ago
412MB

#启动容器测试镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#docker run -d -p 80:80 nginx-
ubuntu1804:1.16.1
58f8e9a8fd6eebb19bd2b7c27bd8d52a3a4d42637a942e1e9179ec1b2bcc559d
[root@ubuntu1804 1.16.1-ubuntu1804]#curl 127.0.0.1
Test Page based nginx-ubuntu1804

生产案例: 基于 Alpine的微服务 Apollo 配置中心

https://github.com/apolloconfig/apollo/blob/1.5.1/scripts/apollo-on-
kubernetes/apollo-config-server/Dockerfile
https://github.com/apolloconfig/apollo/tree/1.5.1/scripts/apollo-on-kubernetes

# Dockerfile for apollo-config-server

#Build with:
# docker build -t apollo-config-server:v1.0.0 .

FROM openjdk:8-jre-alpine3.8
RUN \
	echo "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.8/main" > /etc/apk/repositories &&
\
	echo "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.8/community" >>
/etc/apk/repositories && \
    apk update upgrade && \
    apk add --no-cache procps curl bash tzdata && \
    ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && \
    echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone && \
    mkdir -p /apollo-config-server
    
ADD . /apollo-config-server/
ENV APOLLO_CONFIG_SERVICE_NAME="service-apollo-config-server.sre"
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["/apollo-config-server/scripts/startup-kubernetes.sh"]
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